Laser eye surgery has helped many people see the world more clearly, but it’s not suitable for everyone. Before opting for such a procedure, it’s important to understand the requirements and risks to ensure both safety and effectiveness.

Types of Vision Correction Surgery:

There are two main categories of vision correction surgery: corneal laser surgery and ICL (Implantable Collamer Lens) implantation.

1. Corneal Laser Surgery

This type uses a laser to reshape the cornea, changing how light is refracted to improve vision. Common procedures include SMILE (small incision lenticule extraction), femtosecond LASIK, and surface ablation.

2. ICL Implantation

It works like an ultra-thin contact lens and is often recommended for people with high myopia or thin corneas where laser surgery is not viable.

Each surgical method carries its own benefits and limitations：

SMILE has the smallest incision and quickest recovery but is generally limited to mild to moderate myopia.

Femtosecond LASIK is suitable for a broader range of patients but carries a higher risk of dry eyes.

ICL is ideal for high myopia or thin corneas, though it is more expensive and may carry a small risk of infection.

Who Should Avoid Vision Correction Surgery?

1. Age-related Restrictions

People under 18: The eyes are still developing, and the degree of myopia may continue to change.

Adults over 50: Conditions like presbyopia or cataracts often emerge, making surgery less appropriate.

2. Medical Contraindications

Severe dry eye: Surgery may worsen the condition.

Keratoconus or signs of it: Irregular corneas make it difficult to achieve good outcomes.

Chronic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, autoimmune disorders, or connective tissue diseases: These can slow healing and increase surgical risk.

Thin corneas: A certain amount of corneal thickness is needed for laser reshaping to be safe.

Postoperative Care: What to Avoid?

Even after a successful surgery, proper postoperative care is crucial. Poor habits may compromise the results. Avoid the following:

1. Extended near work: Excessive strain on the eyes can slow the healing process and potentially cause vision to deteriorate again.

2. Eye trauma: The corneal flap created during laser procedures takes time to heal. Avoid contact sports or activities that may cause injury for at least a month.

3. Poor hygiene: Don’t wear eye makeup for the first month. Refrain from swimming, diving, or using cosmetic contact lenses for 2–3 months to minimize the chance of infection.

4. Irritants: Stay away from smoking, alcohol, or spicy foods—they can dry out or strain the eyes during recovery.

Long-Term Eye Health After Surgery:

Laser eye surgery can correct your vision, but it doesn’t eliminate all eye health risks—especially for those with high myopia. Retinal complications can still occur. Patients with high prescriptions should have regular eye exams, including retinal checks every 1–2 years after surgery.

If vision continues to worsen or retinal abnormalities are detected, seek timely medical attention to avoid permanent damage.

Simple At-Home Eye Health Check:

Cover one eye and try to focus on a distant object with the other. If you see clearly and evenly, that’s a good sign. Any noticeable issues should prompt a visit to the doctor.

Vision correction surgery is a highly effective way to improve eyesight for many, but it’s not a one-size-fits-all solution. Know your own eye health status, consult with a qualified doctor, choose the right type of surgery for your needs, and follow proper aftercare.